Architechture

After 1937, the introduction of political doctrine Nanshin-ron led to a large-scale deployment of troops to Kaohsiung, such as the construction of a navy port for the in Zuoying, an air force team in Gangshan, and a army base in Fongshan. Concurrently, the necessary residential buildings for officials were built. Most of these military dependents’ villages have been registered and preserved as cultural landscapes, whereas other valuable buildings have been registered as historic buildings or monuments. The Gangshan Xing Village is one of the few remaining worker dormitories used by the 61st Naval Aviation Plant. Some of its buildings feature nail-fastened wooden roofs, rare in Taiwan and is built using construction methods introduced during the war to cover large spaces. By contrast, Lequn Village is Taiwan’s last surviving living quarters used by senior officials of the Japanese naval aviation team. The overall planning of the village, the garden landscapes of the government buildings, the architectural patterns, and building materials (e.g., Formosan cypresses) were all carefully selected.

鳳山、左營、岡山／三軍眷村

日治時期在臺灣的兵力佈署，多數時間集中於基隆、臺北、臺南、澎湖四地。1937年以後，因配合南進政策而大規模在高雄佈署兵力，包括海軍在左營興建軍港、在岡山建立航空隊、以及陸軍在鳳山的佈署等等，同時也興建必要的官舍建築。
這些日軍設施在戰後由國軍接收，原有官舍群也由國軍延用，並依需求擴大規模，進而留下今日的鳳山、左營、岡山三軍眷村群。多數眷村目前已被登錄為文化景觀，藉以保存宿舍群形塑的空間紋理，部份較具價值的建築則被登錄為歷史建築或古蹟。岡山醒村是少數留存的第六十一海軍航空廠職工宿舍，部份建物大跨距空間採用臺灣相當罕見的釘打木屋架，是戰爭時期導入的構造方法之一，樂群村則是臺灣僅存的日本海軍航空隊高級軍官宿舍，全村的整體規劃、個別官舍的庭院造景、建築格局、建材（台灣紅檜）使用皆相當講究。

文／蔡侑樺
圖／高雄市政府文化局

---